The main parts inside the gearbox are named as follows:
1. Hydraulic torque converter: The hydraulic torque converter is installed on the engine flywheel. Its function is to transmit the power of the engine to the planetary gear transmission mechanism and has a certain torque conversion function.
2. Planetary gear transmission mechanism: The planetary gear transmission mechanism consists of two parts: a planetary gear mechanism and a shift actuator. The planetary gear mechanism consists of 2-3 rows of planetary gears with 2-5 transmission ratios; The shift actuator achieves a change in transmission ratio, which is an automatic shift action.
3. Hydraulic control system: The main task of the hydraulic control system is to provide the required oil pressure to various systems of the automatic transmission based on changes in engine load (throttle opening) and vehicle speed (speed sensor) signals; According to the position of the joystick and the driving status of the car, switch the hydraulic channel to achieve control of the torque converter and gear transmission system; Control the working status of the lockup clutch in the torque converter.
4. Electronic control system: In an electronic control system, sensors collect various signals, such as throttle position, vehicle speed, water temperature, etc., and convert them into electrical signals to be transmitted to the electronic control unit. The electronic control unit compares the data processed with the set shift pattern and sends instructions to the electromagnetic valve to determine the correct shift timing and gear.
5. Cooling and oil filtering device: The cooling and oil filtering device consists of a filter, cooler, and pipeline.
Its function is to cool the transmission oil through the cooling oil circuit and cooler to maintain normal operating temperature (80-90 ℃) and improve transmission efficiency. At the same time, the filter removes metal debris from the transmission oil to maintain its cleanliness.
Cooler: A cooler is a type of heat exchange equipment used to cool fluids. Usually, water or air is used as a coolant to remove heat.
Pipeline: Pipeline refers to the pipeline that transmits working fluid in the hydraulic system. Compared to pipelines, pipelines are a reasonably arranged pipeline system. Due to the flexibility of pipelines, they are often used in hydraulic systems and other mechanical equipment driven by liquids.
Filter: The main purpose is to prevent impurities from scratching and roughening the surface of parts. Before the oil is sent to the friction surface, it must be strictly filtered. To achieve satisfactory filtration results without increasing oil resistance, the coarse filter is generally connected in series with the main oil passage, while the fine filter is connected in parallel with the main oil passage.
Other parts include:
1. Oil pump: provides working oil pressure and lubricating oil pressure for the internal working components of the gearbox.
2. Power output end: The gearbox outputs power from this to the drive wheels, ultimately causing the vehicle to move.
3. Locking mechanism: When parking, this mechanism locks the power output end and prevents the vehicle from moving.
4. Connect the mechanical hinge point of the gear lever: The gear lever is connected to this point through a cable, thereby controlling the manual valve of the transmission and confirming the required gear position.
5. Control and adjustment elements with solenoid valves: Based on the signals collected by various components, the mechanism that ultimately controls and adjusts the internal transmission is achieved through computer calculation.
6. Control shift solenoid valve: Quickly connect or cut off the required oil circuit according to computer instructions, achieving the completion of shift and lock commands. It can be roughly divided into two types: switch type and pulse type.